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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Hi, Ross,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>a := ‘abc’;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>a[1] := ‘A’;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Certainly it will fail. ‘abc’
is defined in a reserved memory area when OS allocates memory for the
executable.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>As for <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>a := @ConsStr[1];<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>a[1] := ‘A’;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>I am wondering how did
you define </span></font><font size=3 color="#1f497d"><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>ConsStr? <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>var ConsStr : string = 'abc'; ?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center tabindex=-1>
</span></font></div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
delphi-bounces@listserver.123.net.nz
[mailto:delphi-bounces@listserver.123.net.nz] <b><span style='font-weight:bold'>On
Behalf Of </span></b>Ross Levis<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Monday, 13 May 2013 2:55
p.m.<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> '<st1:PersonName w:st="on">NZ
Borland Developers Group - <st1:place w:st="on">Delphi</st1:place> List</st1:PersonName>'<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [DUG] StrCopy problem
- Reason : Const value not allowed tobe changed</span></font><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>The String and pChar in my case are
global vars and the code is executing in a library dpr between
begin..end. There are no units or objects or procedures in use.
This works fine when using global vars, I just tried it…<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>a := @ConsStr[1];<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>a[1] := ‘A’;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>But this fails…<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>a := ‘abc’;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>a[1] := ‘A’;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Ross.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
delphi-bounces@listserver.123.net.nz
[mailto:delphi-bounces@listserver.123.net.nz] <b><span style='font-weight:bold'>On
Behalf Of </span></b>Jianming Lin (FMI)<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Monday, 13 May 2013 10:35 AM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> <st1:PersonName w:st="on">NZ
Borland Developers Group - <st1:place w:st="on">Delphi</st1:place> List</st1:PersonName><br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [DUG] StrCopy problem
- Reason : Const value not allowed to be changed<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-size:
11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>It seems that we all focus on the StrCopy.
That’s misleading.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Let’s look at this code:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>procedure test;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>var a: pChar;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>begin<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> a := 'abc’;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> a[1] :=
‘A’;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>end;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender:
TObject);<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>begin<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> test;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>end;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>The line : a[1] will cause exactly same AV
as your example.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>As CPU window shows cpu instruction in
assembly language, not many people can understand it, I do further experiment:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>procedure test;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>var a: pChar;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>const ConsStr = 'abc';<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>begin<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> a := @ConsStr[1];<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> a[1] :=
‘A’;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>end;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>The same AV will happen. And that’s
the key problem where your code actually is.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Now we can see that the reason of your
code crash:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:place w:st="on"><font size=3 color="#1f497d"
face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Delphi</span></font></st1:place><font
size=3 color="#1f497d"><span lang=EN-NZ style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>
compile 'abcdefghi' as the local const value. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Certainly constant value is not allowed
to change.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>If you put a line : ConsStr :=
‘def’; Compiler won’t let you go.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>If you purposely use the trick of
pointer : <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> a := @ConsStr[1];<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> a[1] :=
‘A’;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>to bypass compiler checking, the
operating system then has to activate the last protection by showing the
AV and stop your program to run. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Bevan is right : the area of memory for
const value is protected while the application is running.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center>
</span></font></div>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'> <a
href="mailto:delphi-bounces@listserver.123.net.nz">delphi-bounces@listserver.123.net.nz</a>
[<a href="mailto:delphi-bounces@listserver.123.net.nz">mailto:delphi-bounces@listserver.123.net.nz</a>]
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Ross Levis<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Sunday, 12 May 2013 2:39
a.m.<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> '<st1:PersonName w:st="on">NZ
Borland Developers Group - <st1:place w:st="on">Delphi</st1:place> List</st1:PersonName>'<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [DUG] StrCopy problem</span></font><font
size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>var<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> a: pChar;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> b: pChar;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>begin<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> a := 'abcdefghi';<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> b := 'jklmnopqr';<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> StrCopy(a,b);<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>end;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Question: Why does this code
crash?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face=Calibri><span lang=EN-NZ
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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